As temperatures begin to drop and energy costs rise, households across the United States are once again facing the financial strain of heating their homes. While many federal and state programs have already closed their 2025 energy assistance windows, three U.S. states — North Dakota, Tennessee, and California — are still offering residents up to $1,100 in energy bill relief. But there’s a catch: applications close before November 1, and funds are limited.
For eligible low- and moderate-income families, this could mean the difference between a warm winter and difficult choices over essential expenses. The programs are being distributed primarily through the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) and state utility relief initiatives, with both direct bill credits and one-time payments available.
Here’s a breakdown of who qualifies, how much residents can receive, and how to apply before the upcoming deadlines.
Why Energy Relief Is Being Extended
The 2025 winter season is shaping up to be more expensive than usual for many American households. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), heating costs are projected to rise between 7% and 15% in most regions due to fluctuations in natural gas prices and higher electricity demand during colder months.
States that experience long winters, such as North Dakota, are already bracing for increased utility strain. Meanwhile, California’s volatile energy grid and higher electricity rates continue to challenge lower-income households. Tennessee, though generally warmer, faces its own energy affordability issues, particularly in rural and low-income areas reliant on older heating systems.
Recognizing these challenges, state agencies have kept their LIHEAP and emergency utility credit programs open longer than usual. Officials are urging households to apply before the October 31 deadlines, emphasizing that once funds are exhausted, no additional aid will be available until the next funding cycle.
1. North Dakota: Extended Energy Assistance Through LIHEAP
Application Deadline: October 31, 2025
Maximum Relief: Up to $1,100 per household
Program: North Dakota Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
In North Dakota, where average winter temperatures can fall well below freezing, energy relief is a crucial safety net. The state’s LIHEAP program, administered through the North Dakota Department of Human Services, helps eligible households pay for a portion of their heating bills, weatherization costs, and furnace repairs.
This year, North Dakota extended its LIHEAP application window to October 31, giving residents an extra two weeks to submit their paperwork. Eligible households can receive up to $1,100 in combined benefits, depending on income level, household size, and energy consumption patterns.
Who Qualifies:
- Households earning 60% or less of the state median income.
- Residents responsible for paying heating costs, whether directly to a utility company or as part of rent.
- U.S. citizens or legal residents living in North Dakota.
How to Apply:
Applicants can apply online through the ND Department of Human Services website or by visiting local Human Service Zones. Proof of income, identification, and recent energy bills are required.
Why It Matters:
In rural and low-income areas, heating costs can easily consume 20–30% of a household’s monthly income. North Dakota officials have stated that LIHEAP funding has been increased slightly this year to prevent energy insecurity, especially for seniors and families with children.
“We know that for many of our residents, energy costs rise dramatically in the winter months,” said Chris Jones, Director of the Department of Human Services. “This program ensures that no North Dakotan has to choose between heating their home and buying groceries.”
2. Tennessee: Utility Bill Credits and Emergency Assistance
Application Deadline: October 30, 2025
Maximum Relief: Up to $900–$1,000 per household
Program: Tennessee Housing Development Agency (THDA) — LIHEAP & Local Energy Assistance Funds (LEAF)
Tennessee’s version of the energy relief effort combines federal LIHEAP funding with the state’s Local Energy Assistance Fund (LEAF), which provides additional utility credits for low-income residents struggling to pay their bills.
With unseasonably cold temperatures forecast for parts of the state this winter, Tennessee extended its relief application window through October 30, just before the start of the winter billing cycle. The combined assistance package can help households offset as much as $900 to $1,000 in heating costs.
Who Qualifies:
- Residents earning up to 150% of the federal poverty level.
- Priority given to senior citizens, families with young children, and disabled individuals.
- Both homeowners and renters are eligible if they pay directly for heating.
How to Apply:
Applications can be submitted through the Tennessee Housing Development Agency (THDA) or participating local community action agencies. Applicants will need to provide proof of income, Social Security numbers for all household members, and a recent utility statement.
Program Features:
- Crisis Assistance: Available for households facing imminent disconnection.
- Weatherization Support: Funds can also be used for minor repairs, insulation, and HVAC tune-ups.
- Utility Credits: Payments are made directly to energy providers on behalf of the household.
“This assistance isn’t just about lowering bills—it’s about keeping vulnerable Tennesseans safe and comfortable as temperatures drop,” said Ralph Perrey, THDA Executive Director. “No one should face a cold home because they can’t afford to pay for heat.”
Outreach Efforts:
Tennessee has also launched a statewide awareness campaign encouraging residents to apply immediately. Flyers, radio announcements, and local news spots have been circulating since mid-October, warning that funds are first-come, first-served and could run out before the deadline.
3. California: Utility Relief Credits for Low-Income Households
Application Deadline: Rolling, but early applications encouraged before November 1, 2025
Maximum Relief: Up to $1,100 in combined credits
Programs: LIHEAP + California Arrearage Payment Program (CAPP) + California Alternate Rates for Energy (CARE)
California’s high electricity rates and persistent affordability crisis have made energy relief a top priority for state officials. Through a combination of federal LIHEAP funds, CAPP debt relief, and CARE rate reductions, eligible households can receive up to $1,100 in total energy support — but only if they apply early.
While LIHEAP applications technically remain open year-round, CAPP and CARE program enrollments are being prioritized through the end of October. Many utility providers, such as PG&E, SoCal Edison, and SDG&E, are offering automatic bill credits for customers enrolled in qualifying programs before November 1.
Who Qualifies:
- Households with incomes below 200% of the federal poverty line.
- Residents who have fallen behind on energy bills or received disconnection notices.
- Customers of participating utilities who are enrolled (or eligible for enrollment) in CARE or FERA rate discount programs.
How to Apply:
- LIHEAP applications are processed through local Community Action Agencies.
- CARE and FERA discounts can be applied for directly through utility company websites.
- The California Department of Community Services & Development (CSD) provides a centralized portal to find local assistance offices.
Key Benefits:
- LIHEAP: Provides one-time bill assistance and emergency funding.
- CARE: Offers a 30–35% discount on monthly energy bills.
- CAPP: Helps pay down overdue balances from previous billing cycles.
State Response:
California Governor Gavin Newsom emphasized the importance of maintaining household stability amid rising costs.
“Energy affordability is a key part of our broader fight against inflation and poverty,” Newsom said in a statement earlier this month. “Programs like these make sure Californians don’t have to choose between powering their homes and putting food on the table.”
How LIHEAP and State Relief Programs Work Together
The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is a federal initiative funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Each year, states receive LIHEAP allocations to distribute locally. However, in colder regions and high-cost states, those funds are often supplemented with state and utility-level relief programs.
Here’s how they typically work together:
| Type of Support | Description | Typical Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| Bill Payment Assistance | Direct credit applied to heating or electric bill | $400–$1,100 |
| Crisis Assistance | Emergency aid for households facing disconnection | $200–$600 |
| Weatherization Help | Insulation, repairs, or upgrades to improve energy efficiency | $500–$2,000 |
| Rate Discounts | Ongoing reduction in utility rates (like CARE/FERA in California) | 20–35% off monthly bills |
By combining these benefits, many households can receive significant year-end relief, reducing the risk of shutoffs and easing financial pressure during the winter season.
How Many People Benefit Each Year
Nationally, LIHEAP serves around 6–7 million households annually, though demand far exceeds available funding. For 2025, Congress allocated approximately $4.1 billion to the program — slightly less than 2024 levels, even as energy costs rise.
- In North Dakota, around 18,000 households received assistance last winter.
- Tennessee helped more than 95,000 families statewide.
- California’s relief programs reached an estimated 1.2 million households, largely through utility rate discounts and arrearage forgiveness.
Despite these large numbers, many eligible households still miss out due to lack of awareness or late applications — a gap state officials are urgently trying to close.
The Urgency to Apply Now
With deadlines fast approaching, state officials and local agencies are urging residents to apply before November 1. Because most programs are first-come, first-served, waiting until colder months could mean missing out entirely.
Energy experts recommend applying even if you’re unsure of eligibility. Many programs automatically screen applicants for multiple forms of assistance — meaning a single application can unlock several benefits.
“If you’re struggling with energy costs, don’t wait,” said Angela Rachidi, a policy analyst with the American Enterprise Institute. “Even a few hundred dollars can make a meaningful difference, and programs like LIHEAP are specifically designed for these situations.”
How to Check Eligibility and Apply Online
Residents of North Dakota, Tennessee, and California can visit their respective program portals:
- North Dakota LIHEAP: www.nd.gov/dhs/info/energy-assistance
- Tennessee LIHEAP: www.thda.org/liheap
- California Energy Relief Programs: www.csd.ca.gov/energyhelp
Applications generally require:
- Photo ID for household members
- Proof of income (recent pay stubs or benefits statements)
- Recent utility bills or disconnection notices
- Social Security numbers (or ITINs)
Applicants are encouraged to apply online or through local agencies as soon as possible to avoid processing delays.
Final Takeaway: Don’t Miss the Deadline
As energy costs continue to climb and winter nears, North Dakota, Tennessee, and California are offering crucial financial relief — but only for a few more days. With up to $1,100 in aid available, these programs can provide real support for families struggling with heating and electricity costs.
The message from state officials is clear: apply before November 1, 2025. Once funds are exhausted, applications will close until next year’s cycle.
If you or someone you know may qualify, now is the time to act — before the cold sets in and the opportunity for energy relief slips away.